Table 2 Trends in the performance of the Ghanaian health system

 Life expectancy at birth, total (years)

61.56

61.86

62.15

62.45

62.74

63.03

63.4

 Death rate, crude (per 1000 people)

8.8

8.7

8.4

8.3

8.1

8.0

–

 Neonatal mortality rate (per 1000 live births)

29

28

27

26

25.1

24.2

–

 Infant mortality rate (per 1000 live births)

44.8

42.8

40.7

38.9

37.2

35.7

–

 Under-5 mortality rate (per 1000 live births)

65.2

61.5

58

54.7

51.8

49.3

–

 Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15–49)

1.9

1.8

1.8

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.7

 Malaria under-5 case fatality rate

0.76

0.69

0.54

0.51

0.32

0.2

0.16

 Tuberculosis treatment success rate

84

85

87

85

86

87

86

 DALY rate per 100,000 individuals

52,138.7

50,693.7

49,503.3

48,514.9

47,401.8

45,910.5

–

 Physician to population ratio

1:11,515

1;10,170

1:9043

1:8934

1:8301

1:8100

1:7196

 Nurse to population ratio

1:1362

1:1084

1:959

1:865

1:834

1:799

1:839

 Midwife to women in fertility age ratio

1:1611

1:1525

1:1374

1:1216

1:943

1:746

1:689

 Total health expenditure as a % of GDP

5.5

6.1

5.6

6.1

4.4

–

–

 Health expenditure as a % of government expenditure

7.6

9.3

10.6

7.0

6.8

6.5

–

 Out-of-pocket expenditure (% of current health expenditure)

39.8

38.9

45.1

35.8

37.8

–

–

 Per capita expenditure on health (US$)

89.85

111.04

81.52

82.41

67.51

–

–

 Outpatient services utilization per capita

1.17

1.16

1.15

1.08

1.06

0.98

1.05