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Table 4 Matrix of correlations of the prevalence of smoking, tobacco price, tobacco tax and control variables (2010–2016)

From: The effects of tobacco taxation and pricing on the prevalence of smoking in Africa

Variables

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(1) Smoking

1.000

      

(2) Price

0.621

1.000

     

(3) Tax

0.724

0.648

1.000

    

(4) GDP per cap.

−0.072

− 0.042

0.034

1.000

   

(5) Urbanization

−0.470

−0.470

− 0.435

−0.128

1.000

  

(6) Death rate

−0.050

−0.141

−0.298

0.117

0.250

1.000

 

(7) FDI

0.222

0.070

−0.004

0.030

−0.034

0.081

1.000