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Table 4 Logistic Regression for Asthma Outcomes

From: Socio-demographics and asthma prevalence, management, and outcomes among children 1–11 years of age in California

 

Had Asthma Attack In Past 12 Months

Emergency Room visit in past 12 months

Missed School due to Asthma in Past 12 Months

 

n=5,514

n=5,339

n=6,435

Proportion

45.2% (43.0, 47.4)

30.9% (28.0, 33.8)

32.8% (30.4, 35.2)

Age

  1 to 5 years (ref.)

---

---

---

  6 to 11years

0.62 (0.51,0.74)***

0.44 (0.33, 0.57)***

0.79 (0.63, 0.99)*

Gender

  Male (ref.)

---

---

---

  Female

0.90 (0.76, 1.07)

1.02 (0.74, 1.43)

1.08 (0.84, 1.39)

Race/ethnicity

  Hispanic (ref.)

---

---

---

  Asian

0.94 (0.63, 1.40)

0.62 (0.36, 1.07)

0.71 (0.45, 1.12)

  African American

0.95 (0.65, 1.40)

2.10 (1.24, 3.55)**

1.55 (0.95, 2.52)

  White

1.14 (0.88, 1.49)

0.99 (0.70, 1.41)

0.75 (0.54, 1.04)

  Two or more Races

0.94 (0.62, 1.42)

0.97 (0.55, 1.72)

0.65 (0.40, 1.06)

Adult English Proficiency

  Very well (ref.)

---

---

---

  Fairly well

0.86 (0.60, 1.24)

1.92 (1.03, 3.61)*

1.73 (1.01, 2.94)*

  Not well / Not at all

0.74 (0.51, 1.07)

0.89 (0.51, 1.55)

1.08 (0.69, 1.70)

Adult Education

  Less than 12 years (ref.)

---

---

---

  High school graduate

1.16 (0.83, 1.64)

1.30 (0.73, 2.28)

0.90 (0.61, 1.34)

  Some college

1.42 (1.01, 1.98)*

1.52 (0.91, 2.53)

0.83 (0.56, 1.23)

  College graduate or higher

1.33 (0.93, 1.90)

1.06 (0.62, 1.78)

0.71 (0.46, 1.08)

Poverty level

  0-99% FPL  (ref.)

---

---

---

  100-199% FPL

1.04 (0.80, 1.34)

0.84 (0.48, 1.46)

1.07 (0.71, 1.60)

  200-299% FPL

1.18 (0.83, 1.68)

0.79 (0.45, 1.38)

1.32 (0.79, 2.21)

  300% FPL and Above

1.18 (0.88, 1.59)

0.86 (0.55, 1.33)

1.07 (0.71, 1.64)

Living environment

  Urban (ref.)

---

---

---

  Rural

1.24 (0.97, 1.58)

1.38 (0.92, 2.07)

1.04 (0.75, 1.44)

Usual Source of Care

  Office/HMO/Kaiser (ref.)

---

---

---

  Government clinic / Community hospital

0.86 (0.71, 1.06)

0.98 (0.67, 1.44)

0.91 (0.68, 1.21)

  ER/Urgent care/ Other

0.39 (0.19, 0.78)**

2.80 (1.27, 6.17)*

0.69 (0.30, 1.57)

  No usual source of care

0.60 (0.32, 1.12)

1.16 (0.41, 3.22)

0.66 (0.27, 1.62)

Insurance status

Insured (ref.)

---

---

---

Not insured

0.83 (0.51, 1.36)

0.64 (0.38, 1.06)

0.88 (0.41, 1.88)

Citizenship Status

  US-born citizen (ref.)

---

---

---

  Naturalized citizen

1.16 (0.84, 1.60)

1.08 (0.70, 1.73)

0.88 (0.60, 1.31)

  Non-Citizen 

0.91 (0.65, 1.26)

1.22 (0.73, 2.05)

0.82 (0.53, 1.27)

Survey year

  2001-2002

N/A

N/A

N/A

  2003-2004

REF

N/A

REF

  2005-2006

1.06 (0.86, 1.32)

REF

1.14 (0.91, 1.43)

  2007-2008

0.91 (0.71, 1.16)

0.75 (0.58, 0.98)*

1.05 (0.81, 1.35)

  2009-2010

0.93 (0.72, 1.19)

0.56 (0.42, 0.73)***

1.14 (0.87, 1.50)

  2011-2012

0.91 (0.66, 1.25)

0.99 (0.70, 1.39)

1.05 (0.77, 1.44)

  2013

N/A

0.70 (0.44, 1.13)

1.38 (0.84, 2.26)

  2014

N/A

0.36 (0.19, 0.65)**

0.97 (0.61, 1.52)

  2015

N/A

0.98 (0.48, 2.01)

1.35 (0.79, 2.31)

  1. N/A Not available (question not asked during survey year)
  2. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001