Table 4 Robustness test results for replacing core explanatory variables

Mayor’s real age

− 0.324***

0.008***

0.009***

(0.003)

(0.00008)

(0.00010)

Provincial governor’s real age

− 0.298***

− 0.005***

− 0.005***

(0.003)

(0.00015)

(0.00017)

Baidu migration index for Wuhan

− 10.170***

− 0.814***

− 0.812***

(0.057)

(0.005)

(0.005)

Interaction between mayor’s age and Baidu migration index for Wuhan

0.179***

(0.001)

Interaction between mayor’s age and provincial governor’s age

0.006***

(0.00005)

Residents’ awareness of epidemic prevention and control

0.112***

0.112***

0.111***

(0.00008)

(0.00008)

(0.00007)

Baidu migration scale index

− 0.060***

− 0.060***

− 0.061***

(0.0002)

(0.0002)

(0.0002)

Number of population is counted by logarithms

0.612***

0.612***

0.608***

(0.006)

(0.006)

(0.006)

Is the city in the surrounding provinces of Hubei Province (Yes = 1)

0.741***

0.741***

0.737***

(0.007)

(0.007)

(0.007)

Is the city in Hubei Province (Yes = 1)

3.551***

3.551***

3.532***

(0.035)

(0.035)

(0.035)

Time trend

0.022***

0.022***

0.022***

(0.00018)

(0.00018)

(0.00019)

Centering the interaction between mayor’s real age and Baidu migration index for Wuhan

0.179***

0.179***

(0.00103)

(0.00092)

Centering the interaction between mayor’s real age and provincial governor’s age

0.006***

0.006***

(0.00005)

(0.00006)

Interaction between mayor’s real age and undergraduate major type

− 0.00037***

(0.000008)

Interaction between mayor’s real age and graduate degree type

− 0.00028***

(0.000014)

Interaction between mayor’s real age and title

− 0.002***

(0.000019)

_cons

14.670***

− 2.680***

− 2.673***

(0.140)

(0.0283)

(0.0327)

N

29,862

29,862

29,862